kafka生产实例安装-创新互联
2019/3/14 星期四
Linux 初始化脚本 （centos6 centos7 通用）Linux 初始化脚本 （centos6 centos7 通用）
zookeeper生产环境搭建 zookeeper生产环境搭建
在安装前请务必安装好zookeeper 查看上面2个链接地址！
kafka优化：
有时候系统需要应对突如其来的高峰数据，它可能会拖慢磁盘。（比如说，每个小时开始时进行的批量操作等）
这个时候需要容许更多的脏数据存到内存，让后台进程慢慢地通过异步方式将数据写到磁盘当中。
vm.dirty_background_ratio = 5
vm.dirty_ratio = 80
这个时候，后台进行在脏数据达到5%时就开始异步清理，但在80%之前系统不会强制同步写磁盘。这样可以使IO变得更加平滑。
实际操作：
echo "vm.dirty_background_ratio=5" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "vm.dirty_ratio=80" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p
kafka 生产环境搭建
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# cd /opt/ins/
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ins]# ll
total 233044
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 166044032 Mar 13 15:58 jdk-8u102-linux-x64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 50326212 Mar 13 16:14 kafka_2.12-1.1.0.tgz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22261552 Mar 13 16:14 zookeeper-3.4.8.tar.gz
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ins]# tar -zxvf kafka_2.12-1.1.0.tgz -C /usr/local/
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ins]# cd /usr/local/
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 local]# ln -s kafka_2.12-1.1.0/ kafka
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 local]# ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 include
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Mar 14 09:51 kafka -> kafka_2.12-1.1.0/
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 83 Mar 24 2018 kafka_2.12-1.1.0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 libexec
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 11 2018 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 46 Apr 11 2018 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 12 13:03 src
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Mar 13 18:20 zookeeper -> zookeeper-3.4.8
drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 Mar 13 18:22 zookeeper-3.4.8修改配置文件
我们不会对 zookeeper.properties producer.properties consumer.properties 做什么特殊的配置
我们只对server.properties 做修改配置
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 config]# pwd
/usr/local/kafka/config
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 config]# ll
total 64
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 906 Mar 24 2018 connect-console-sink.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 909 Mar 24 2018 connect-console-source.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5807 Mar 24 2018 connect-distributed.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 883 Mar 24 2018 connect-file-sink.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 881 Mar 24 2018 connect-file-source.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1111 Mar 24 2018 connect-log4j.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2730 Mar 24 2018 connect-standalone.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1221 Mar 24 2018 consumer.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4727 Mar 24 2018 log4j.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1919 Mar 24 2018 producer.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6851 Mar 24 2018 server.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1032 Mar 24 2018 tools-log4j.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1023 Mar 24 2018 zookeeper.properties
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 config]# ls -l server.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6851 Mar 24 2018 server.properties
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 config]# vim server.properties
...
...
...如下
config下的 server.properties
broker.id=10 --这个id如果部署的是kafka集群，id是不能一样的
port=9092 --默认kafka端口，如果一台机器上面部署了多个kafka实例，需要两个实例端口不一样
log.dirs=/var/log/kafka/kafka-logs 这个需要修改，这个是存topic相关信息
zookeeper.connect=10.2.10.174:2181,10.2.10.175:2181,10.2.10.176:2181/kafkagroup
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 config]# grep '^[a-Z]' server.properties
broker.id=174 //每个实例都不一样
num.network.threads=3
num.io.threads=8
socket.send.buffer.bytes=102400
socket.receive.buffer.bytes=102400
socket.request.max.bytes=104857600
log.dirs=/var/log/kafka/kafka-logs
num.partitions=1 //默认的每个topic的分区 为1
num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir=1
offsets.topic.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.min.isr=1
log.retention.hours=168
log.segment.bytes=1073741824
log.retention.check.interval.ms=300000
zookeeper.connect=10.2.10.174:2181,10.2.10.175:2181,10.2.10.176:2181/kafkagroup
zookeeper.connection.timeout.ms=6000
group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms=0注意：
kafka实现功能需要zookeeper调度，所以这是与zk单机或者集群的连接，上面是与集群连接的方式，也可以去掉/kafkagroup,但是zk的znode结构就会比较混乱，所以建议加一个路径
这样在zk的znode下就会出现 kafkagroup
其他2台 的server.properties 配置文件 中的 broker.id=改成 175 176
其他的不变
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 config]# scp server.properties root@10.2.10.175:/usr/local/kafka/config/
server.properties 100% 6911 2.5MB/s 00:00
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 config]# scp server.properties root@10.2.10.176:/usr/local/kafka/config/
server.properties 100% 6911 2.8MB/s 00:0
修改kafka启动脚本（调节启动内存占用大小
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 bin]# vim /usr/local/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh
if [ "x$KAFKA_HEAP_OPTS" = "x" ]; then
export KAFKA_HEAP_OPTS="-Xmx1G -Xms1G"
fi
改成
我们的内存是8G 这里我们这样改
export KAFKA_HEAP_OPTS="-Xmx4G -Xms1G"
大4G 初始 1G
内存为4G 就改成
export KAFKA_HEAP_OPTS="-Xmx2G -Xms1G"
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 bin]# scp kafka-server-start.sh root@10.2.10.175:/usr/local/kafka/bin/
kafka-server-start.sh 100% 1376 1.5MB/s 00:00
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 bin]# scp kafka-server-start.sh root@10.2.10.176:/usr/local/kafka/bin/
kafka-server-start.sh 100% 1376 1.2MB/s 00:004、启动kafka //后台启动 再启动之前，我们先设置环境变量
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 bin]# vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/usr/local/kafka/bin:/usr/local/zookeeper/bin:$PATH
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 bin]# source /etc/profile
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 bin]# which kafka-server-start.sh
/usr/local/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 bin]# which zkServer.sh
/usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh其他2台同上
后台启动kafka
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 bin]# cd ~
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# nohup kafka-server-start.sh /usr/local/kafka/config/server.properties 1>/dev/null 2>&1 &
[1] 26314
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# jps
14290 QuorumPeerMain
26643 Jps
26314 Kafka
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# ps -ef|grep kafka
root 26314 24915 35 10:12 pts/0 00:00:11 java -Xmx2G -Xms1G -server[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# sh zkCli.sh
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /
[kafkagroup, zookeeper]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /kafkagroup
[cluster, controller, controller_epoch, brokers, admin, isr_change_notification, consumers, log_dir_event_notification, latest_producer_id_block, config]以上安装成功
我们接下来就是测试kafka
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper 10.2.10.174/kafkagroup --create --topic majihui --partitions 2 --replication-factor 2
Created topic "majihui".
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper 10.2.10.174/kafkagroup --describe --topic majihui
Topic:majihui PartitionCount:2 ReplicationFactor:2 Configs:
Topic: majihui Partition: 0 Leader: 174 Replicas: 174,175 Isr: 174,175
Topic: majihui Partition: 1 Leader: 175 Replicas: 175,176 Isr: 175,176
[root@emm-kafka02-10--175 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper 10.2.10.174 --list
[root@emm-kafka02-10--175 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper 10.2.10.174/kafkagroup --list
__consumer_offsets
majihui启动生产者
[root@emm-kafka02-10--175 ~]# kafka-console-producer.sh --zookeeper 10.2.10.174:2181 --topic majihui
zookeeper is not a recognized option
这个命令不对，命令改了
[root@emm-kafka02-10--175 ~]# kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list 10.2.10.174:9092 --topic majihui
>hello
启动消费者
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server 10.2.10.174:9092 --topic majihui
hello删除topic majihui
[root@emm-kafka02-10--175 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper 10.2.10.174/kafkagroup --delete --topic majihui
Topic majihui is marked for deletion.
Note: This will have no impact if delete.topic.enable is not set to true.
[root@emm-kafka02-10--175 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper 10.2.10.174/kafkagroup --list
__consumer_offsets[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper 10.2.10.174/kafkagroup --delete --topic __consumer_offsets
Error while executing topic command : Topic __consumer_offsets is a kafka internal topic and is not allowed to be marked for deletion.
//执行主题命令时出错：主题__consumer_offsets是kafka内部主题，不允许标记为删除。
[2019-03-14 11:24:17,407] ERROR kafka.admin.AdminOperationException: Topic __consumer_offsets is a kafka internal topic and is not allowed to be marked for deletion.
at kafka.admin.TopicCommand$.$anonfun$deleteTopic$1(TopicCommand.scala:188)
at kafka.admin.TopicCommand$.$anonfun$deleteTopic$1$adapted(TopicCommand.scala:185)
at scala.collection.mutable.ResizableArray.foreach(ResizableArray.scala:59)
at scala.collection.mutable.ResizableArray.foreach$(ResizableArray.scala:52)
at scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer.foreach(ArrayBuffer.scala:48)
at kafka.admin.TopicCommand$.deleteTopic(TopicCommand.scala:185)
at kafka.admin.TopicCommand$.main(TopicCommand.scala:71)
at kafka.admin.TopicCommand.main(TopicCommand.scala)
(kafka.admin.TopicCommand$)
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper 10.2.10.174/kafkagroup --list
__consumer_offsets由于版本的升级，以前的命令不可以用了
这里注意一下。
kafka优化：
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# echo "vm.swappiness=1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# echo "vm.dirty_background_ratio=5" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# echo "vm.dirty_ratio=80" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# sysctl -p
vm.swappiness = 1
vm.dirty_background_ratio = 5
vm.dirty_ratio = 80
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# sysctl -p
vm.swappiness = 1
vm.dirty_background_ratio = 5
vm.dirty_ratio = 80
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# scp /etc/sysctl.conf root@10.2.10.175:/etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl.conf 100% 511 529.6KB/s 00:00
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# scp /etc/sysctl.conf root@10.2.10.176:/etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl.conf 100% 511 497.6KB/s 00:00kafka启动脚本
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 scripts]# pwd
/opt/scripts
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 scripts]# ll
total 16
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6704 Mar 13 15:10 initialization.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 122 May 10 11:05 kafkastart.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 88 May 10 10:26 zkstart.sh
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 scripts]# cat kafkastart.sh
#!/bin/bash
source /etc/profile
nohup /usr/local/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh /usr/local/kafka/config/server.properties 1>/dev/null 2>&1 &
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 scripts]# scp kafkastart.sh root@10.2.10.175:/opt/scripts/
kafkastart.sh 100% 122 70.8KB/s 00:00
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 scripts]# scp kafkastart.sh root@10.2.10.176:/opt/scripts/
kafkastart.sh 100% 122 61.6KB/s 00:00
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 scripts]# sh kafkastart.sh
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 scripts]# jps
11185 Jps
7974 QuorumPeerMain
10856 Kafka[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 scripts]# netstat -lntup
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1379/master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1110/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1379/master
tcp6 0 0 :::39549 :::* LISTEN 10856/java
tcp6 0 0 :::9092 :::* LISTEN 10856/java
tcp6 0 0 :::2181 :::* LISTEN 7974/java
tcp6 0 0 10.2.10.174:3888 :::* LISTEN 7974/java
tcp6 0 0 :::33264 :::* LISTEN 7974/java
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1110/sshd添加到开机自启动
[root@emm-kafka03-10--176 scripts]# echo "/usr/bin/sh /opt/scripts/kafkastart.sh" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@emm-kafka03-10--176 scripts]# cat /etc/rc.d/rc.local
#!/bin/bash
# THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES
#
# It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules
# to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.
#
# In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot
# this script will NOT be run after all other services.
#
# Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure
# that this script will be executed during boot.
touch /var/lock/subsys/local
ulimit -SHn 65535
echo 'never' >/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
echo 'never' >/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
/usr/bin/sh /opt/scripts/zkstart.sh
/usr/bin/sh /opt/scripts/kafkastart.sh
[root@emm-kafka03-10--176 scripts]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.localkafka优化 参考链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/p/9994207.html
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