深度解析：MySQL加密解密
MySQL 数据库内部有多种 加密函数 解密函数
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被加密的字段的类型需要是 VARBINARY、BLOB 类型 存储
AES_ENCRYPT(str,key) : 返回用密钥key对字符串str利用高级加密标准算法加密后的结果，调用AES_ENCRYPT的结果是一个二进制字符串
AES_DECRYPT(str,key) : 返回用密钥key对字符串str利用高级加密标准算法解密后的结果
mysql> CREATE TABLE userdata(username VARCHAR(20),pwssword VARCHAR(50),encryptedpassword VARBINARY(100));
mysql> INSERT INTO userdata(username,pwssword,encryptedpassword) VALUES('smith','abdABC123',AES_ENCRYPT('abdABC123','key'));
mysql> SELECT * FROM userdata;
+----------+-----------+-------------------+
| username | pwssword | encryptedpassword |
+----------+-----------+-------------------+
| smith | abdABC123 | .|
+----------+-----------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> SELECT username,pwssword,AES_DECRYPT(encryptedpassword,'key') FROM userdata;
+----------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
| username | pwssword | AES_DECRYPT(encryptedpassword,'key') |
+----------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
| smith | abdABC123 | abdABC123 |
+----------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MD5(str) : MD5方式对 str 加密
mysql> SELECT MD5('abcABC123');
+----------------------------------+
| MD5('abcABC123') |
+----------------------------------+
| 480aeb42d7b1e3937fe8db12a1ffe6d8 |
+----------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
SHA(str) : SHA方式对 str 加密
mysql> SELECT SHA('abcABC123');
+------------------------------------------+
| SHA('abcABC123') |
+------------------------------------------+
| 0a6807c0856b137fb44ce239587e4f34e011b005 |
+------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
SHA1(str) : SHA1方式对 str 加密
mysql> SELECT SHA1('abcABC123');
+------------------------------------------+
| SHA1('abcABC123') |
+------------------------------------------+
| 0a6807c0856b137fb44ce239587e4f34e011b005 |
+------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ENCODE(str,key) : 使用字符串 key 作为秘钥来加密字符串str，加密结果是二进制数
DECODE(str,key) : 使用字符串 key 作为秘钥来解密字符串str
mysql> INSERT INTO userdata(username,pwssword,encryptedpassword) VALUES('KT','abdABC123',ENCODE('abdABC123','key'));
mysql> SELECT * FROM userdata WHERE username='KT';
+----------+-----------+-------------------+
| username | pwssword | encryptedpassword |
+----------+-----------+-------------------+
| KT | abdABC123 | 1 |
+----------+-----------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT username,pwssword,DECODE(encryptedpassword,'key') FROM userdata WHERE username='KT';
+----------+-----------+---------------------------------+
| username | pwssword | DECODE(encryptedpassword,'key') |
+----------+-----------+---------------------------------+
| KT | abdABC123 | abdABC123 |
+----------+-----------+---------------------------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
ENCRYPT(str,salt) : 使用UNIXcrypt()函数，用关键词salt(一个可以惟一确定口令的字符串，就像钥匙一样)加密字符串str
mysql> SELECT ENCRYPT('abdABC123','key');
+----------------------------+
| ENCRYPT('abdABC123','key') |
+----------------------------+
| kezazmcIo.aCw |
+----------------------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
PASSWORD(str) : 返回字符串str的加密版本，这个加密过程是不可逆转的，和UNIX密码加密过程使用不同的算法
mysql> INSERT INTO userdata(username,pwssword,encryptedpassword) VALUES('Tom','abdABC123',PASSWORD('abdABC123'));
mysql> SELECT * FROM userdata WHERE username='Tom';
+----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| username | pwssword | encryptedpassword |
+----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| Tom | abdABC123 | *6970C4ACB558CFFCAD8DE8DA17CDD40CFC023FDA |
+----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT PASSWORD('abcde');
+-------------------------------------------+
| PASSWORD('abcde') |
+-------------------------------------------+
| *8DC54F2E15823C98AEA063E339A5D4C53D1A471A |
+-------------------------------------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
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