MySQL5.5源码安装的流程
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源码安装的系统需求：
MySQL的源码安装需要下面的一些开发工具。
CMake 用来在所有平台上构建框架
优秀的 make 程序。推荐使用GNU make 3.75或更新的版本。
ANSI C++编辑器。GCC 4.2.1或更高版本，Sun Studio 12或更新的版本, Visual Studio 2008或更新的版本。
需要足够的内存。如果当在编译大的源文件时报"internal compiler error"，则可能是系统的内存太小了。
如果你要运行测试脚本，需要安装Perl。大多数的类Unix系统包含Perl。在Windows系统下，可以安装ActiveState Perl。
安装需要的包
[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc-c++
[root@localhost ~]# yum install libaio-devel
[root@localhost ~]# yum install ncurses-devel
[root@localhost ~]# yum install numactl-devel
[root@localhost ~]# yum install openssl-devel
[root@localhost ~]# yum install gperf
安装rpm-build包
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install rpm-build
安装cmake2.8.2
去https://cmake.org/download/下载cmake的源码安装包
[root@localhost install]# wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.2.tar.gz --no-check-certificate
解压
[root@localhost install]# gzip -d cmake-2.8.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost install]# tar fvx cmake-2.8.2.tar
[root@localhost install]# cd cmake-2.8.2
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.2]# ./bootstrap
编译安装
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.2]# make
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.2]# make install
查看版本
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.2]# cmake -version
cmake version 2.8.2
如果创建二进制rpm安装文件，则通过下面命令生成
[root@localhost install]# rpmbuild --rebuild --clean MySQL-5.5.48-1.el6.src.rpm --define='runselftest 0'
查看生成的RPM文件
[root@localhost x86_64]# cd /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64
[root@localhost x86_64]# ll
total 142788
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 15333376 Mar 28 23:11 MySQL-client-5.5.48-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4992448 Mar 28 23:12 MySQL-devel-5.5.48-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 51994352 Mar 28 23:12 MySQL-embedded-5.5.48-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 39075180 Mar 28 23:11 MySQL-server-5.5.48-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1753148 Mar 28 23:12 MySQL-shared-5.5.48-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 33055692 Mar 28 23:12 MySQL-test-5.5.48-1.linux2.6.x86_64.rpm
如果编译源码方式安装，则执行下面命令
[root@localhost install]# rpm -ivh MySQL-5.5.48-1.el6.src.rpm
warning: MySQL-5.5.48-1.el6.src.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
1:MySQL ########################################### [100%]
手动创建Mysql用户和组
[root@localhost install]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost install]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
解压生成的包
[root@localhost SOURCES]# cd /root/rpmbuild
[root@localhost rpmbuild]# ls -trl
total 24
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Mar 28 05:02 SRPMS
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Mar 28 23:11 RPMS
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Mar 28 23:12 BUILDROOT
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Mar 28 23:12 BUILD
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Mar 28 23:41 SPECS
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Mar 28 23:46 SOURCES
[root@localhost rpmbuild]# cd SOURCES/
[root@localhost SOURCES]# ls -trl
total 20712
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 21201193 Jan 14 18:48 mysql-5.5.48.tar.gz
[root@localhost SOURCES]# tar zxvf mysql-5.5.48.tar.gz
开始编译
[root@localhost SOURCES]# ll
total 20712
drwxr-xr-x. 31 7161 wheel 4096 Jan 14 18:47 mysql-5.5.48
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 21201193 Jan 14 18:48 mysql-5.5.48.tar.gz
[root@localhost SOURCES]# cd mysql-5.5.48
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.48]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/software \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DCOMPILATION_COMMENT='production environment' \
-DWITH_READLINE=ON \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/software \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysql.sock \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.48]# make
Linking CXX executable mysql_tzinfo_to_sql
[100%] Built target mysql_tzinfo_to_sql
Scanning dependencies of target mysqld
[100%] Building CXX object sql/CMakeFiles/mysqld.dir/main.cc.o
Linking CXX executable mysqld
[100%] Built target mysqld
Scanning dependencies of target udf_example
[100%] Building C object sql/CMakeFiles/udf_example.dir/udf_example.c.o
Linking C shared module udf_example.so
[100%] Built target udf_example
Scanning dependencies of target my_safe_process
[100%] Building CXX object mysql-test/lib/My/SafeProcess/CMakeFiles/my_safe_process.dir/safe_process.cc.o
Linking CXX executable my_safe_process
[100%] Built target my_safe_process
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.48]# make install
-- Installing: /data/man/man1/perror.1
-- Installing: /data/man/man1/mysqld_multi.1
-- Installing: /data/man/man1/mysql_client_test_embedded.1
-- Installing: /data/man/man1/msql2mysql.1
-- Installing: /data/man/man1/mysqlman.1
-- Installing: /data/man/man1/comp_err.1
-- Installing: /data/man/man8/mysqld.8
[root@localhost software# cd /software
[root@localhost software# ll
total 220
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Mar 29 00:06 bin
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 17987 Jan 14 18:38 COPYING
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Mar 29 00:05 data
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Mar 29 00:05 docs
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Mar 29 00:05 include
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 151708 Jan 14 18:47 INSTALL-BINARY
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Mar 29 00:05 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 Mar 29 00:06 man
drwxr-xr-x. 10 root root 4096 Mar 29 00:06 mysql-test
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2496 Jan 14 18:38 README
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Mar 29 00:06 scripts
drwxr-xr-x. 27 root root 4096 Mar 29 00:06 share
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 Mar 29 00:06 sql-bench
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Mar 29 00:06 support-files
更改MySQL安装软件的权限为mysql
[root@localhost software]# chown -R mysql .
[root@localhost software]# chgrp -R mysql .
初始化MySQL数据库的数据文件路径，并且创建系统表
[root@localhost data]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data
Installing MySQL system tables...
160329 0:21:08 [Note] ./bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.48) starting as process 25151 ...
OK
Filling help tables...
160329 0:21:08 [Note] ./bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.48) starting as process 25158 ...
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomain password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
./bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd . ; ./bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd ./mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/
[root@localhost software]# chown -R root .
[root@localhost software]# chown -R mysql data
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp: overwrite `/etc/my.cnf'? y
启动数据库
发生报错
[root@localhost data]# ./bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &
[1] 1053
[root@localhost data]# 160330 01:36:51 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'.
160330 01:36:51 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
160330 01:36:52 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended
[1]+ Done bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql
查看报错日志，报错原因是mysql没有指定路径的读写权限，导致无法创建进程文件
[root@localhost data]# vim /var/log/mysqld.log
160330 1:36:52 [ERROR] /data/bin/mysqld: Can't create/write to file '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid' (Errcode: 13)
160330 1:36:52 [ERROR] Can't start server: can't create PID file: Permission denied
创建对应路径，并授权
[root@localhost install]# mkdir -p /var/run/mysqld/
[root@localhost install]# chown -R mysql.mysql /var/run/mysqld/
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server
编辑配置文件
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql.sock
# Mysql server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
user = mysql
socket = /data/mysql.sock
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
basedir = /software
datadir = /data
#tmpdir =
open_files_limit = 10240
sql_mode = NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
# Buffer
max_allowed_packet = 256M
max_heap_table_size = 256M
net_buffer_length = 8K
sort_buffer_size = 4M
join_buffer_size = 2M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
# Log
log-bin = /log/binlog/mysql-bin
binlog_cache_size = 32M
max_binlog_cache_size = 512M
max_binlog_size = 512M
binlog_format = MIXED
log_output = FILE
log_error = /log/err.log
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = /log/slow_query.log
general_log = 0
general_log_file = /log/general_query.log
# InnoDB
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M:autoextend
#innodb_log_file_size = 256M
#innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100M
# Character set
#character_set_server = gbk
#collation_server = gbk_bin
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set = gbk
启动MySQL数据库
[root@localhost data]# ./bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &
[1] 5774
[root@localhost data]# 160330 01:37:51 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'.
160330 01:37:51 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
[root@localhost data]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root 1231 55613 0 01:37 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/sh bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql
mysql 1401 1231 0 01:37 pts/2 00:00:00 /data/bin/mysqld --basedir=/data --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-
dir=/data/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
root 1421 55613 0 01:38 pts/2 00:00:00 grep mysql
更改root用户密码
[root@localhost data]# ./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'Mysql#2015'
删除数据库中多余的root用户和匿名用户，只在本地保留一个root用户
mysql> delete from mysql.user where (user,host) not in (select 'root','localhost');
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)
更改root的用户名
mysql> update mysql.user set user='system',password=password('Mysql#2015') where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.09 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> truncate table mysql.db;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
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