数据结构之二叉树(构造拷贝构造以及前序中序后续三种遍历方法)
首先二叉树的节点定义如下: struct BinaryNode { BinaryNode *_left; BinaryNode *_right; T _data; BinaryNode( T data ) :_data(data), _left( NULL), _right(NULL ) {}; }; 二叉树的结构以及接口如下 templateclass BinaryTree { typedef BinaryNode Node; public: BinaryTree() :_head( NULL) {}; BinaryTree( const T * a, size_t size, const T & valiue) ~BinaryTree() BinaryTree( BinaryTree &b ) void PrevOder() void InOder() void PostOder() private: public: void LevalOder() size_t depth() size_t size() size_t learsize() void _LevalOder(BinaryNode *root); size_t _depth(BinaryNode *root); void _size(BinaryNode *root, int *p); void _leafsize(BinaryNode *root, size_t *p); int Leafsize(BinaryNode *root); void PrevOder_Nor(); void InOder_Nor(); void PostOder_Nor(); void Distory(Node *_root) Node* _Copy(Node *cur); private: BinaryNode *_root; }; 二叉树的建立(构造函数) BinaryTree( const T * a, size_t size, const T & valiue) { size_t index = 0; _root = _CreatTree( a, size , index, valiue); } BinaryNode * _CreatTree(const T* a, size_t size, size_t &index, const T &valiue) { BinaryNode *root = NULL; if (index < size&& a[index ] != valiue) { root = new BinaryNode (a[index]); root->_left = _CreatTree(a, size , ++index, valiue); root->_right = _CreatTree(a, size , ++index, valiue); } return root; } 二叉树的销毁(析构函数) ~BinaryTree() { Distory(_root); cout << " ~BinaryTree()" << endl; } void Distory(Node *_root) { if (_root == NULL) return; Distory( _root->_left); Distory( _root->_right); if (_root ) delete _root ; _root == NULL ; } 二叉树的拷贝(拷贝构造) BinaryTree( BinaryTree &b ) { _root = _Copy( b._root); } BinaryNode * BinaryTree< T>::_Copy(Node *cur) { if (cur == NULL) return NULL ; Node *tmp = new Node(cur->_data); tmp->_left=_Copy( cur->_left); tmp->_right=_Copy( cur->_right); return tmp; } 求叶子节点个数(两种方法) 一: int BinaryTree ::Leafsize( BinaryNode *root) { int count; if (root == NULL) count = 0; else if (root->_left == NULL&&root ->_right == NULL) { count = 1; } else count = Leafsize(root ->_left) + Leafsize(root->_right); return count; } 二: void BinaryTree ::_leafsize( BinaryNode *root, size_t * p) { if (root != NULL) { _leafsize( root->_left,p ); _leafsize( root->_right,p ); if (root ->_left == NULL&& root->_right == NULL ) { ++ *p; } } } 二叉树前序遍历递归 void _PrevOder(BinaryNode * root) { if (root == NULL) return; cout << root->_data << " " ; _PrevOder( root->_left); _PrevOder( root->_right); } 二叉树前序遍历非递归 void BinaryTree ::PrevOder_Nor() { BinaryNode *cur = _root; stack *> s; if (cur == NULL ) return; s.push(cur); while (!s.empty()) { BinaryNode *tmp = s.top(); cout << tmp->_data << " "; s.pop(); if (tmp->_right) { s.push(tmp->_right); } if (tmp->_left) { s.push(tmp->_left); } } cout << endl; } 二叉树层序遍历(队列实现) void BinaryTree ::_LevalOder( BinaryNode *root) { deque *> q; q.push_back( root); while (q.size()) { BinaryNode *pNode = q.front(); q.pop_front(); cout << pNode->_data << " "; if (pNode->_left) { q.push_back(pNode->_left); } if (pNode->_right) { q.push_back(pNode->_right); } } } 二叉树中序遍历递归 void _InOder(BinaryNode * root) { if (root == NULL) return; _InOder( root->_left); cout << root->_data << " " ; _InOder( root->_right); } 二叉树中序遍历非递归 void BinaryTree ::InOder_Nor() { if (_root == NULL ) return; Node *cur = _root; stack s; while (cur||!s.empty()) { while (cur) { s.push(cur); cur = cur->_left; } Node *tmp = s.top(); cout << tmp->_data << " "; s.pop(); cur = tmp->_right; } cout << endl; } 二叉树后序遍历递归 void _PostOder(BinaryNode * root) { if (root == NULL) return; _PostOder( root->_left); _PostOder( root->_right); cout << root->_data << " " ; } 二叉树后序遍历非递归 void BinaryTree ::PostOder_Nor() { if (_root == NULL ) return; Node *cur = _root; stack s; Node *prev = NULL ; while (cur||!s.empty()) { while (cur) { s.push(cur); cur = cur->_left; } Node *tmp = s.top(); if (tmp->_right == NULL || tmp->_right == prev) { cout << tmp->_data << " " ; s.pop(); prev = tmp; } else { cur = tmp->_right; } } cout << endl; } 二叉树的深度 size_t BinaryTree ::_depth( BinaryNode *root) { int hleft; int hright; int max; if (root ) { hleft = _depth( root->_left); hright = _depth( root->_right); max = hleft > hright ? hleft : hright; return max + 1; } else { return 0; } } 二叉树的大小 size_t size() { int count = 0; _size(_root,&count); return count; } void BinaryTree ::_size( BinaryNode *root,int *p) { if (root ) { ++(* p); _size( root->_left, p ); _size( root->_right, p ); } return ; }
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