AngularJS（二、如何用AngularJS建立前端代码框架）

    首先，我们来看一下工程结构目录：

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AngularJS（二、如何用AngularJS建立前端代码框架）

    我们可以看到scripts中分列了一下几个文件夹：controllers、services、directives、filters、vendor，以及两个文件app.js和main.js。

    controllers里面主要就是控制器

   services里面是服务，为控制器提供数据服务支持，与后台交互的代码就在其中

    directives是指令，用于生成自定义标签的html模板

    filters是过滤器，用于处理显示数据的形式

    vendor文件夹中存放的是引用的第三方js插件

跟scripts同级的是styles和views文件夹，styles存放css样式文件，view存放html文件。

    我们先来看一下index.html中的主要代码：


 

  My AngularJS App
  

  
  
  





    ……



    
  

我们可以看到导入的js只有一个require.js，但是这个script中有个这样的属性 

data-main="scripts/main"

这个属性就将主js指向了scripts/main.js。

下面来看main.js，其中，分为了两块，第一块是对第三方的引用和依赖配置：

// the app/scripts/main.js file, which defines our RequireJS config
require.config({
    paths:{
        angular:'vendor/angular.min',
        jquery:'vendor/jquery',
        bootstrap:'vendor/bootstrap.min',
        domReady:'vendor/domReady',
        ngGrid:'vendor/ng-grid.debug'
    },
    shim:{
        angular:{
            deps:[ 'jquery'],
            exports:'angular'
        },
        ngGrid:{
            deps:[ 'jquery']
        },
        bootstrap:{
            deps:[ 'jquery']
        }
    }
});

第二块就是主要的引用和route信息了：

require([
    'angular',
    'app',
    'domReady',
    'bootstrap',
    'services/userService',
    'controllers/rootController',
    'directives/ngbkFocus',
    'controllers/user/listController',
    'controllers/user/editController',
    'controllers/user/newController',
    'ngGrid'
    // Any individual controller, service, directive or filter file
    // that you add will need to be pulled in here.
],
    function (angular, app, domReady) {
        'use strict';
        app.config(['$routeProvider',
            function ($routeProvider) {
                $routeProvider.when('/', {
                    templateUrl:'views/user/list.html',//当跳转到该路径时，将此html嵌入到ng-view属性的dom中
                    controller:'ListCtrl'//当前templateUrl的controller为ListCtrl
                })
                    .when('/edit/:name/:allowance', {
                        templateUrl:'views/user/form.html',
                        controller:'EditCtrl'
                    })
                    .when('/new', {
                        templateUrl:'views/user/form.html',
                        controller:'NewCtrl'
                    })
                    .when('/root', {
                        templateUrl:'views/root.html',
                        controller:'RootCtrl'
                    });
            }
        ]);
        domReady(function () {
            angular.bootstrap(document, ['MyApp']);//app名为MyApp

            // The following is required if you want AngularJS Scenario tests to work
            $('html').addClass('ng-app: MyApp');//给html添加ng-app属性
        });
    }
);

以list的route为示例，我们来讲解controller,先看一张list效果图（此处我们引用了ng-grid插件）：

AngularJS（二、如何用AngularJS建立前端代码框架）我们来看引入的controllers/user/listController：

define(['controllers/controllers', 'services/userService'],
    function (controllers) {
        controllers.controller('ListCtrl', ['$scope', '$http', '$location', 'UserService',//此处数组中的参数依次对应下面回调方法中的参数
            function ($scope, $http, $location, UserService) {
                
                $scope.mySelections = [];
                $scope.filterOptions = {
                    filterText:"",
                    useExternalFilter:true
                };
                $scope.totalServerItems = 0;
                $scope.pagingOptions = {
                    pageSizes:[250, 500, 1000],
                    pageSize:250,
                    currentPage:1
                };
                $scope.setPagingData = function (data, page, pageSize) {
                    var pagedData = data.slice((page - 1) * pageSize, page * pageSize);
                    $scope.myData = pagedData;
                    $scope.totalServerItems = data.length;
                    if (!$scope.$$phase) {
                        $scope.$apply();
                    }
                };
                $scope.getPagedDataAsync = function (pageSize, page, searchText) {
                    setTimeout(function () {
                        var data;
                        if (searchText) {
                            var ft = searchText.toLowerCase();
                            UserService.getServerData(function (largeLoad) {
                                data = largeLoad.filter(function (item) {
                                    return JSON.stringify(item).toLowerCase().indexOf(ft) != -1;
                                });
                                $scope.setPagingData(data, page, pageSize);
                            });
                        } else {
                            UserService.getServerData(function (largeLoad) {
                                $scope.setPagingData(largeLoad, page, pageSize);
                            });
                        }
                    }, 100);
                };

                $scope.getPagedDataAsync($scope.pagingOptions.pageSize, $scope.pagingOptions.currentPage);

                $scope.$watch('pagingOptions', function (newVal, oldVal) {
                    if (newVal !== oldVal && newVal.currentPage !== oldVal.currentPage) {
                        $scope.getPagedDataAsync($scope.pagingOptions.pageSize, $scope.pagingOptions.currentPage, $scope.filterOptions.filterText);
                    }
                }, true);
                $scope.$watch('filterOptions', function (newVal, oldVal) {
                    if (newVal !== oldVal) {
                        $scope.getPagedDataAsync($scope.pagingOptions.pageSize, $scope.pagingOptions.currentPage, $scope.filterOptions.filterText);
                    }
                }, true);
                
                $scope.clickme = function (v) {
                    $location.path('/edit/' + v.name + "/" + v.allowance);
                }

                $scope.gridOptions = {
                    data:'myData',
                    enablePaging:true,
                    showFooter:true,
                    totalServerItems:'totalServerItems',
                    pagingOptions:$scope.pagingOptions,
                    filterOptions:$scope.filterOptions,
                    selectedItems:$scope.mySelections,
                    showSelectionCheckbox:true,
                    columnDefs:[
                        { field:"name", pinned:true }
                        ,
                        { field:"allowance", cellTemplate:'{{COL_FIELD | currency}}'}
                        ,
                        { field:"entity", pinned:true, cellTemplate:'{{$parent.row.entity | myfilter}}' }
                        ,
                        { field:"name", width:100, cellTemplate:''}
                    ]/*,
                    multiSelect:false*/

                };
            }]);
    });

其中定义了该controller名为ListCtrl，$scope为局部变量，其中定义的数据与方法可在当前Ctrl作用域内生效，我们来看一下生效的list.html是怎么样的

就是这么一句话，定义了grid的div，其余的都交给了controller和ng-grid插件

listController中引用了services/userService，service层用来与后台交互，管理数据：

define(['services/services'],
    function (services) {
        services.factory('UserService', ['$http',
            function ($http) {
                return {
                    getData:function () {
                        return [
                            { name:"Moroni", age:50, birthday:"Oct 28, 1970", salary:"60,000" },
                            { name:"Tiancum", age:43, birthday:"Feb 12, 1985", salary:"70,000" },
                            { name:"Jacob", age:27, birthday:"Aug 23, 1983", salary:"50,000" },
                            { name:"Nephi", age:29, birthday:"May 31, 2010", salary:"40,000" },
                            { name:"Enos", age:34, birthday:"Aug 3, 2008", salary:"30,000" },
                            { name:"Moroni", age:50, birthday:"Oct 28, 1970", salary:"60,000" },
                            { name:"Tiancum", age:43, birthday:"Feb 12, 1985", salary:"70,000" },
                            { name:"Jacob", age:27, birthday:"Aug 23, 1983", salary:"40,000" },
                            { name:"Nephi", age:29, birthday:"May 31, 2010", salary:"50,000" },
                            { name:"Enos", age:34, birthday:"Aug 3, 2008", salary:"30,000" },
                            { name:"Moroni", age:50, birthday:"Oct 28, 1970", salary:"60,000" },
                            { name:"Tiancum", age:43, birthday:"Feb 12, 1985", salary:"70,000" },
                            { name:"Jacob", age:27, birthday:"Aug 23, 1983", salary:"40,000" },
                            { name:"Nephi", age:29, birthday:"May 31, 2010", salary:"50,000" },
                            { name:"Enos", age:34, birthday:"Aug 3, 2008", salary:"30,000" }
                        ];
                    },
                    getOptions:function () {
                        return {
                            data:'myData',
                            enablePinning:true,
                            columnDefs:[
                                { field:"name", width:120, pinned:true },
                                { field:"age", width:120 },
                                { field:"birthday", width:120 },
                                { field:"salary", width:120 }
                            ]
                        }
                    },
                    getServerData:function (success) {
                        $http.get('jsonFiles/largeLoad.json').success(success);
                    },

                    saveData:function (data, success) {
                        $http.post('/users/save', data).success(success);
                    }
                };
            }]);
    });

其中引用的$http是用来管理ajax的对象，类似的对象还有$location，用来管理url地址，类似的对象还有很多，详细可以参见官方API文档。

    至此，一个前端MVC框架基本构建完成，在之后的一篇中我们来着重介绍下还没讲过的filters和directives。

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